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By
unicef
Hygiene Promotion Experiences & Lessons learnt
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•28 upazilas of 7 plain land districts •300 parasin nine upazilas of three Chittagong Hill Tract districts •Hygiene promotion among 80 lacks people of 16 lacks households. Urban •05 City Corporations and 09 pourashavas •05 lacks people are covered.
•To improve standards of hygiene practices and behaviour, particularly for the poor, on a sustainable basis whilst ensuring adequate sanitation and safe water supply in low water table and saline areas and CHT Urban slum & Fringes •60% of urban slum and fringes project people to use sanitary latrines, wash hands and use safe water
•Social Mobilization for Awareness Building: CAP process, awareness building including gender, poverty issues and sanitation promotion including low cost latrine and options for disable persons •School Sanitation and Hygiene Education: Hygiene education and adolescent, child friendly WATSAN facilities •Safe water supply : Community water supply •Institutional Capacity Building : National NGOs engaged and briefed, trained partners and stakeholders •Chittagong Hill Tracts
•Community Hygiene Promoter, local NGO staffs in PL •One CHP works for 500 HHs •Para worker in CHT work for 20-50 HHs •NGO staff in urban slums •Student Brigade in primary schools, group of 6-10 students of same locality of 20-30 HHs •Health workers, TBAs, religious leaders, karbariesin CHT, and latrine producers •WWC, UWC, local administration, teachers, SMCs& bazarcommittees
•Safe collection •Storage •Drink Safe water
•Use •Cleaning •Drying •Storing •Re-use
Communication tools
Package for influential leaders
Monitoring •Communities monitor hygiene & WATSAN status using cluster maps and follow up the CAPs •SBsmonitor for their self learning in their neighboring houses •Adolescent girls monitor urban slum and fringes activities including hygiene promotion •Local NGOs compiled information in regular monthly reports •An independent monitoring agency engaged
Sanitation –Over 800,000 latrines installed in project upazilas. –Open defecation substantially reduced and cleanliness around household area increased (feacesfound lying around the household decreased from 30% to 5%) –1,700 primary schools provided with new sanitation facilities. Improvement in cleanliness of school latrines (from 55% to 80%) and fewer latrines kept locked (now less than 10%) –Facilitated hygiene education in 5000 schools
Hygiene -Knowledge of community increased significantly -Hygiene education session increased in schools & knowledge of students increased -Availability of soap/ash in or near latrine increased from 40% to 70%. Hygiene awareness increased. Water Supply –6,977 community water points installed, serving over ½ million people –80% of water points are located in places accessible to all members of the community (community planning process reduced ‘capture’ of water points by influential community elite)
•Sanitation –coverage reached 57% on average, though some urban slum areas remain low performing (Dhaka, Chittagong, Mymensingh, Jessore) •Hygiene –Average of 62% adopted handwashingwith soap/ash. Same urban areas as above remain lower in performance •Water supply –89% have access to safe water in target slum areas •Solid Waste management –Project has successfully piloted the introduction of compost plant for SWM in 7 locations.
•Community action planning –experience has shown that participatory ‘bottom-up’ planning process can feed into plans at higher level •Hygiene behaviour change –experience has shown that community-based hygiene promotion activities, done through partnerships with local NGOs can produce real improvements in hygiene practices •Difficult issues, such as menstrual hygiene, can be addressed in sensitive ways by community facilitators •Sanitation coverage always has to be combined with promotion of no open defecation
•School management committees can take responsibility for construction and management of school facilities •Children (adolescent girls in urban project, school brigades in rural project) can play a significant role in promoting changes in hygiene practices •Involvement of adolescent girls & SBsin hygiene promotion has enhanced their self-esteem and gained them the respect of the community
•Independent monitoring agency can provide valuable data on progress (both process and results) which gives confidence to both implementing team and donor. •Time and resources for proper documentation and dissemination of project experience are necessary in order to influence development of national policies •Administrative procedures do not always support a timely response to emergency situations.
•Behavior change takes time to set in. People revert to their old habit very quickly if new latrine blocked, broken •Male are forced to go for open defecation when they are in work particularly the agriculture laborers, rickshaw/van pullers •Limited change among male. Males from poor households often feel that sanitation is more important for women for privacy. •HHS those constructed simple pit latrines are not getting ADP allocation so destroying their latrines •25% of ADP allocation for sanitation was not used for software purpose
•Could not meet the need of low lying, flood areas and water logging areas due to lack of technology •Local leaders are yet to come forward for lacallevel planning •Different projects even of same department following different guidelines |
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